Cudurka Gacanta, Lugaha, iyo Afka (HFMD) Dulmarka
Cudurka gacanta, cagaha, iyo afka ayaa ugu horeyn ku badan carruurta yaryar. Aad buu u faafaa, wuxuu leeyahay qayb badan oo ah infekshannada asymptomatic-ka ah, waddooyinka isku-gudbinta adag, iyo faafitaan degdeg ah, taasoo suurtogal ah inay keento faafitaanno baahsan muddo gaaban gudaheed, taasoo ka dhigaysa xakameynta faafitaanka mid adag. Inta lagu jiro dillaaca, caabuqyada wadajirka ah ee xanaanada carruurta iyo xarumaha daryeelka carruurta, iyo sidoo kale koox-kooxeed qoys, ayaa dhici kara. Sannadkii 2008, HFMD waxa ay Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ku dartay maaraynta cudurrada faafa ee Qaybta C.
Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) iyo Enterovirus 71 (EV71) waa fayrasyo caadi ah oo keena HFMD. Xogta cudurrada faafa waxay tilmaamaysaa in CA16 ay inta badan si isku mid ah ula wareegto EV71, taasoo keenta cudurro badan oo HFMD ah. Inta lagu jiro faafitaanadaan, saamiga infekshannada CA16 aad ayuu uga badan yahay kan EV71, oo inta badan xisaabiya in ka badan 60% wadarta caabuqyada. HFMD ee ay keento EV71 waxay u horseedi kartaa dhaawac habdhiska dhexe ah. Qaybta kiisaska daran iyo heerka dhimashada kiisaska ee bukaannada uu ku dhacay EV71 aad ayay uga badan yihiin kuwa qaba caabuqyada kale ee enterovirus, iyadoo heerka dhimashada halista ah uu gaarey 10%-25%. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, infekshanka CA16 guud ahaan ma keeno cudurro kala duwan oo la xiriira habdhiska dhexe ee neerfayaasha sida meningitis aseptic, encephalitis stem-ka maskaxda, iyo curyaannimada dabaysha-sida. Sidaa darteed, ogaanshaha hore ee kala duwanaanshiyaha ayaa si gaar ah muhiim u ah badbaadinta nolosha kiisaska daran.
Tijaabada Caafimaad
Tijaabada caafimaad ee hadda ee HFMD waxay ugu horayn ku lug leedahay ogaanshaha aashitada nucleic ee cudur-sidaha iyo ogaanshaha antibody-ka serological. Shirkadda Beier waxay isticmaashaa baaritaanka difaaca jirka ee enzyme-linked (ELISA) iyo hababka dahabiga ah ee kolloidal si ay u horumariyaan Enterovirus 71 Antibody Test Kits iyo Coxsackievirus A16 IgM Qalabka Baaritaanka Antibody ee lagu ogaanayo kala duwanaanshaha cudurada HFMD. Ogaanshaha Serum antibody wuxuu bixiyaa dareen sare, gaar gaar ah, waana mid fudud, degdeg ah, oo ku habboon baadhista kiliinikada ee xarumaha daryeelka caafimaadka ee heerarka oo dhan iyo daraasaadka ilaalinta cudurrada faafa ee ballaaran.
Tilmaamayaasha Baadhista Gaarka ah iyo Muhiimadda Caafimaad ee Caabuqa EV71
Baadhitaanka gaarka ah ee caabuqa EV71 wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay ogaanshaha EV71-RNA, EV71-IgM, iyo EV71-IgG unugyada difaaca jirka ee serum, ama ogaanshaha EV71-RNA ee muunadaha suufka.
Ka dib infekshanka EV71, unugyada difaaca jirka ee IgM ayaa soo baxaya marka hore, iyaga oo sarreeya usbuuca labaad. Unugyada difaaca jirka ee IgG waxay bilaabaan inay soo baxaan toddobaadka labaad ee caabuqa ka dib waxayna sii jiraan muddo dheer. EV71-IgM waa tilmaame muhiim ah oo ah infekshanka aasaasiga ah ama dhowaan, fududaynta ogaanshaha hore iyo daaweynta caabuqa EV71. EV71-IgG waa tilmaame fure u ah ogaanshaha kala duwanaanshaha caabuqa, faa'iido u leh baaritaanka cudurrada faafa iyo qiimeynta waxtarka tallaalka. Ogaanshaha isbeddelka titer antibody-ka ee u dhexeeya muunadaha serum ba'an iyo convalescent ayaa sidoo kale go'aamin kara heerka caabuqa EV71; tusaale ahaan, koror afar laab ama ka weyn oo joomatari ah ee titer antibody ee serum convalescent marka la barbar dhigo serum ba'an waxaa lagu xukumi karaa inuu yahay caabuq EV71 hadda.
Tilmaamayaasha Baadhista Gaarka ah iyo Muhiimadda Caafimaad ee Caabuqa CA16
Baaritaanka gaarka ah ee caabuqa CA16 wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay ogaanshaha CA16-RNA, CA16-IgM, iyo CA16-IgG unugyada difaaca jirka ee serum, ama ogaanshaha CA16-RNA ee muunadaha swab.
Ka dib infekshanka CA16, unugyada difaaca jirka ee IgM ayaa soo baxaya marka hore, iyaga oo sarreeya usbuuca labaad. Unugyada difaaca jirka ee IgG waxay bilaabaan inay soo baxaan toddobaadka labaad ee caabuqa ka dib waxayna sii jiraan muddo dheer. CA16-IgM waa calaamad muhiim u ah infekshanka aasaasiga ah ama dhawaanahan.
Muhiimadda Isku-darka EV71 iyo CA16 Baaritaanka Kahortagga Jirka
HFMD waxaa keena dhowr fayraska enterovirus, oo leh serotypes caadi ah oo ah EV71 iyo CA16. Cilmi-baaristu waxay tilmaamaysaa in HFMD ee uu keeno fayraska CA16 uu caadi ahaan soo bandhigo calaamado caadi ah, oo leh dhibaatooyin yar, iyo saadaal wanaagsan. Taas bedelkeeda, HFMD ee ay keento EV71 waxay inta badan soo bandhigtaa calaamado caafimaad oo aad u daran, waxay leedahay heer sare oo ah kiisaska daran iyo dhimashada kiisaska, waxayna inta badan la xiriirtaa dhibaatooyinka habka dhexe ee neerfayaasha. Calaamadaha bukaan-socodka ee HFMD waa kuwo adag oo inta badan aan lahayn wax lagu yaqaan, samaynta ogaanshaha bukaan-socodka si gaar ah dhib badan, gaar ahaan marxaladaha hore. Muhiimadda isku-darka baaritaanka serum antibody waxay ku jirtaa beddelidda hababka go'doominta fayraska ee waqti-qaadka badan iyo dhibka badan, aqoonsashada cudur-sidaha serological ahaan, iyo bixinta aasaaska ogaanshaha bukaan-socodka, xeeladaha daweynta, iyo saadaalinta cudurka.
Falanqaynta Waxqabadka Alaabta
EV71-IgM ELISAKitFalanqaynta Waxqabadka
| Sku filan | No. eeKiisaska | EV71-IgM Wanaagsan | EV71-IgM Negative | Sdareen | Sdhawrsanaansho |
| La xaqiijiyey Kiisaska EV71 | 302 | 298 | 4 | 98.7% | —– |
| Kiisaska caabuqa ee aan-EV71 | 25 | 1 | 24 | —– | 96% |
| Dadweynaha Guud | 700 | —– | 700 | —– | 100% |
Natiijadu waxay tilmaamaysaa:Qalabka Tijaabada Beier EV71-IgM wuxuu muujinayaa dareen sare iyo gaar gaar ah oo loogu talagalay tijaabinta serumka shakhsiyaadka cudurka EV71. Isha xogta: Machadka Qaranka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada Fayraska, Shiinaha CDC.
Falanqaynta Waxqabadka Qalabka EV71-IgG ELISA (I)
| Sku filan | No. eeKiisaska | EV71-IgG Wanaagsan | EV71-IgG Negative | Sdareen | Sdhawrsanaansho |
| La xaqiijiyey Kiisaska EV71 | 310 | 307 | 3 | 99.0% | —– |
| Kiisaska caabuqa ee aan-EV71 | 38 | 0 | 38 | —– | 100% |
| Dadweynaha Guud | 700 | 328 | 372 | —– | 100% |
Falanqaynta Waxqabadka Qalabka EV71-IgG ELISA (II)
| Sku filan | No. eeKiisaska | EV71-IgG Wanaagsan | EV71-IgG Negative | Sdareen | Sdhawrsanaansho |
| Dadweynaha Guud, Dhexdhexaadinta Tijaabada Wanaagsan | 332 | 328 | 4 | 98.8% | —– |
| Dadweynaha Guud, Dhexdhexaadinta Tijaabada Xun | 368 | —– | 368 | —– | 100% |
Natiijadu waxay tilmaamaysaa:Qalabka Tijaabada Beier EV71-IgG wuxuu muujinayaa heerka ogaanshaha sare ee serumka ee shakhsiyaadka qaba caabuqa EV71 ee soo noqnoqda. Isha xogta: Machadka Qaranka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada Fayraska, Shiinaha CDC.
Falanqaynta Waxqabadka Kit CA16-IgM ELISA
| Sku filan | No. eeKiisaska | CA16-IgM Togan | CA16-IgM Negative | Sdareen | Sdhawrsanaansho |
| La Xaqiijiyay Kiisaska CA16 | 350 | 336 | 14 | 96.0% | —– |
| Dadweynaha Guud | 659 | 0 | 659 | —– | 100% |
Natiijadu waxay tilmaamaysaa:Qalabka Tijaabada Beier CA16-IgM wuxuu muujinayaa heerka ogaanshaha sare iyo is-waafajinta wanaagsan. Isha xogta: Machadka Qaranka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada Fayraska, Shiinaha CDC.
EV71-IgM Qalabka Tijaabada (Colloidal Gold) Falanqaynta Waxqabadka
| Sku filan | No. eeKiisaska | EV71-IgM Wanaagsan | EV71-IgM Negative | Sdareen | Sdhawrsanaansho |
| EV71-IgM Tusaalooyinka Wanaagsan | 90 | 88 | 2 | 97.8% | —– |
| Tusaalooyinka Wanaagsan ee PCR / Kiisaska aan HFMD ahayn | 217 | 7 | 210 | —– | 96.8% |
Natiijadu waxay tilmaamaysaa:Qalabka Tijaabada Beier EV71-IgM (Dahab Colloidal) wuxuu muujinayaa dareen sare iyo gaar gaar ah oo loogu talagalay tijaabinta serumka shakhsiyaadka qaba EV71. Isha xogta: Machadka Qaranka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada Fayraska, Shiinaha CDC.
Qalabka Imtixaanka ee CA16-IgM (Colloidal Gold) Falanqaynta Waxqabadka
| Sku filan | No. eeKiisaska | CA16-IgM Togan | CA16-IgM Negative | Sdareen | Sdhawrsanaansho |
| Tusaalooyinka Wanaagsan ee CA16-IgM | 248 | 243 | 5 | 98.0% | —– |
| Tusaalooyinka Wanaagsan ee PCR / Kiisaska aan HFMD ahayn | 325 | 11 | 314 | —– | 96.6% |
Natiijadu waxay tilmaamaysaa:Qalabka Tijaabada Beier CA16-IgM (Colloidal Gold) wuxuu muujinayaa dareen sare iyo gaar gaar ah oo lagu ogaanayo serumka shakhsiyaadka qaba CA16. Isha xogta: Machadka Qaranka ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada Fayraska, Shiinaha CDC.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-30-2025

